Best Portable Toilet For Camping And Van Life

“So I have to ask… where do you go to the bathroom?” This is first question asked by friends after we give them a tour of our camper van. It was also my biggest concern before moving in. Much to our surprise, I can happily say we’ve been on the road for over a year, and finding bathrooms has never been an issue.

There are a number of ways to solve the portable toilet problem. The most common are:

• DIY camping toilets
• Chemical (cassette) toilets
• Portable composting toilets

So where do we go to the bathroom? And why is this not a problem?

For one, we consider ourselves adventure campers. We spend 95% of our time on BLM land, state parks or in campsites. Almost all of these places have either bathrooms or vault toilets. If we happen to stay on BLM land without anything nearby, we go with the old boy scout rule of ‘leave no trace.’ Basically, this means if you have to go number two: dig a hole 6-8 inches deep, do your business and cover it afterward.

On average, we end up somewhere near an actual toilet  at least once per day. Gas stations, grocery stores, fast food chains, parks and visitor centers are abundant with toilets.

That said, we realize not everyone is an adventure camper. So what about the stealth campers and city dwellers? Here are the most common methods for using the bathroom when you live in a van:

In The Camper Van: The Pee Bottle

Guys, you have it easy on this one. The pee bottle (also known as a piss pot) is real and widely used. Just make sure you get one that seals shut and close it tight. I’ve read more than one horror story of someone knocking it over in the van!

What about the girls? Similarly, a funnel can be used to guide your pee straight into a bottle. There are companies that make fancier versions like the SheWee or GoGirl. But realistically, any funnel should do.

To clean a pee bottle, first rinse it with hot water and dish soap. It can then be sterilized with a mix of baking soda and vinegar.

Bucket Toilets

Bucket toilets operate exactly as they sound. Simply line the bucket with a plastic bag, do your business, then cover it with either saw dust, kitty litter, or peat moss to keep the smell down. The plastic bag can then be disposed of in a dumpster just like dog poop bags or diapers.

The Luggable Loo is perhaps the most popular portable camping toilet. It is essentially a 5-gallon bucket that comes with a toilet seat and lid. The snap on lid will allow you to keep everything closed up and even use it as a separate seat as needed.

Slightly more expensive versions can be purchased that include rubber gaskets sealing the lid to reduce smell. Each of these will operate in the same way requiring separate toilet bags and a gel or saw dust covering to keep things fragrance-free.

There are a few key components to making an experience with a DIY bucket toilet more pleasant. For maximum odor control: dump the bag between each session. Keep solid and liquid waste separated. This is essential to reducing unpleasant smells.

Pros Of Using A Bucket Toilet	Cons Of Using A Bucket Toilet
Inexpensive	Requires Bags & Compost
DIY Potential	Smelliest
Extremely Portable	Easy To Knock Over
Easy To Dump	Not A Tight Seal
	Must Separate #1 and #2 For Odor
	One Time Use Is Ideal

If you don’t want to purchase a ready-made bucket toilet, it’s easy to build your own. A 2-5-gallon bucket can be purchased at any hardware store or Walmart. Chances are, you’re going to want to sit on something other than the sharp, thin lid at the top of a typical bucket. The cheapest route to go is purchasing an inexpensive pool noodle or ring of foam that can be sliced down the middle and placed over the rim of the bucket. This will serve as a stable toilet seat.

The downside to a DIY bucket toilet is that it can’t be closed and needs to be emptied on a frequent basis. To combat this, there are a few inexpensive bucket toilet options that operate in much the same way but provide more comfort and a sealable lid.

If you’re camping, or staying in one place for long periods of time consider purchasing a toilet tent. Toilet tents can be used outside the van or in a campsite to add a lot of privacy. They pack down small and are simple to set up.

Chemical (Cassette) Camping Toilets

Cassette toilets (also known as chemical toilets), are common among the RV community. They are similar to the toilet you have at home and will flush your waste away into a black water tank below.

These toilets do not use any electricity or batteries making them completely mobile and great to take camping. They are also lightweight and compact which allows them to fit inside of a small campervan. 

How Does A Camping Cassette Toilet Work?

There are four main parts in a cassette toilet:

• Toilet seat with lid latch
• Fresh water holding tank
• Water Pump
• A detachable chemical reservoir that sits on the bottom (waste tank)

You fill the fresh water holding tank with water and the chemical reservoir with toilet disinfectant. To use the toilet: simply do your business, flush it with a hand pump, then empty the waste tank later.

With a chemical toilet there is minimal smell, and the solid waste will get broken down into a liquid form making it simple to clean.

How To Empty A Cassette Toilet Waste Reservoir

The waste tank will have latches so it can be separated it from the toilet seat and lid. Most come with their own handle that makes carrying it to a RV dump station or marina easy. Pour the contents down the appropriate waste area. They can also be dumped in a residual toilet or porta potty. This is a clean solution and you won’t have to worry about touching anything. The waste receptacle can be washed out with water and ammonia to deodorize future smells.

Top Portable Cassette Toilets:

▸ SereneLife Outdoor Portable Toilet
▸ Camco Standard Portable Travel Toilet
▸ Thetford Porta Potti 260B

Pros Of Using A Chemical Toilet	Cons Of Using A Chemical Toilet
Minimal smell	Need A Chemical Disinfectant
Robust	Not As Easy To Find A Dump Station
Completely sealed	May Freeze In Winter
Can be used multiple times	More Parts To Break
Can Go #1 and #2 In The Same Area	Requires Fresh Water To Operate

Portable cassette toilets are an ideal solution for camping and van life. They will be the most familiar to use and you do not have to separate solid from liquid waste. Most parts such as the pump or valves can be replaced if they get damaged so they are long lasting.

Aside from not being purely environmentally friendly, a downside to the chemical toilet is that the liquid could freeze in winter and damage the toilet. To prevent this, purchase an environmentally safe anti-freeze from an RV dealer. For a quality portable flush toilet, you can expect to spend roughly $100.

Because waste is hidden in a reservoir, you may not be able to tell when the toilet needs to be dumped. On some models, you may have to physically remove the waste compartment to check. In other models, an indicator will change colors when the toilet gets full.

Read our overview on the best portable chemical toilets for van life

Portable Composting Toilet

Composting toilets are often used as an alternative to RV toilets. People like them because they are environmentally friendly, do not use chemicals, and can last longer in-between emptying.

While these are great toilets to install in a campervan or RV, they do require 12v electricity so they cannot be used as a stand-alone toilet at a campsite.

A composting toilet requires an extensive amount of setup. They are also more expensive than a portable cassette toilet.

How Does A Portable Composting Toilet Work?

With a composting toilet, odor is kept to a minimum by separating liquid and solid waste. There is a liquid diverter door that can be operated using a lever that will divert liquid waste to a frontal bottle. The lever can be moved the opposite direction to allow solid waste to fall directly into the composting bin. It is not possible to use both at the same time.

The main parts of a composting toilet are:

• Toilet seat with lid latch
• Liquid waste bottle
• Solid waste bucket
• Trap door liquid diverter
• Composting crank
• Vent Fan
• Exhaust Hose

Composting toilets have a small ventilation fan that will pull clean air in, and vent exhaust through a pipe outside of the vehicle. This means when setting up a toilet, you will have to build in an external exhaust and hook up the toilet to electricity.

The exhaust fan is very small and will draw as little as 0.1 Amps. Due to the exhaust system, there is no odor associated with composting toilets except when cleaning it out. During this process, it smells like soil.

How To Dump A Composting Toilet

Liquid waste must be emptied on a frequent basis and sometimes it can be difficult to tell when it is getting full. Solid waste will fall into a mix of either coco coir or peat moss. After depositing solid waste into the composting mix, you will have to turn a crank to mix everything together.

The solid waste in composting toilets can be dumped into a garbage bag and disposed of in a trash can. Because everything is separated, you should only have to dispose of solid waste every few weeks for two people. Composting peat moss or coco coir comes in bricks that can be broken down and mixed with distilled water when getting the toilet ready for the next round of use.

Great For Camper vans and RVs, Will Not Work At Campsites

In our opinion, composting toilets make a great alternative for RVs or campervan conversions. They are not good for campsites because they are not portable and require electricity and ventilation. That said, composting toilets are environmentally friendly and easy to use once installed.

Top Portable Composting Toilets:

▸ Nature’s Head Composting Toilet With Spider Handle
▸ Nature’s Head Composting Toilet With Standard Crank Handle

Pros Of Using A Composting Toilet	Cons Of Using A Composting Toilet
No Need To Store Chemicals	Quite Expensive
Completely Sealed	Liquid And Solid Waste Must Be Separated
Can Be Used Multiple Times	Liquid Needs To Be Dumped Frequently
Does Not Require Water	Takes A Long Time To Dump
Minimal Smell	Electric Fan Must Be Hooked Up
Less Environmental Impact	Needs An Exhaust Hole For Fumes
	Need To Mix Waste And Compost After Use
	Requires Peat Moss Or CoCo Coir Compost

Learn more about how to install a portable composting toilet in a campervan

What do you do with toilet paper?

In a bucket toilet, it is safe to dispose of toilet paper along with your waste. In fact, you can even bury toilet paper if you’re going with the boy scout method as it is biodegradable and will break down rapidly (as long as the hole is 6-8” deep).

For all other forms of toilets, it is generally best not to wash toilet paper down with your waste. This could clog the system of chemical toilets and quickly fill up your composting toilet. The best-case scenario is to have a separate bin where toilet paper can be stored until it is thrown away. If you really want to mix toilet paper in with your waste, there are special quick-dissolve toilet papers made specifically for this scenario.

So What Is The Best Portable Toilet?

As with everything else in the van life, personal preference plays a huge role in what type of toilet you will want to use. We decided to not hassle with anything and use public facilities, but there are plenty of options available for people who want a more private and homey experience.

• On a budget? Grab the Luggable Loo for the best bang for your buck
• Going camping or tight on space? The SereneLife Outdoor Portable Toilet is small and portable
• Building a DIY campervan with electricity or traveling in an RV? Nature’s Head Composting Toilet is the longest lasting between waste stations.